Differential locking-gearing.



I A8 0. SHRADER. DIFFERENTIAL LOCKING (BEARING;

APPLICATION FILED JA1I.2-),'1913.v Patented Aug:?5,1914,.

vi5 Q Mfneases A. '0. SHRADE R. DIFFERBN'HAL LOCKING GEAEING.APPLIGATIOE TILED JAH.29, 1913.

1,108,800. Patented A 025 1914 2 RHEETS -SHBBT 2.

allIIIIIIIIIIlIIIII/IIIlIIIlII/IIIIIIII Mfnesses In venfar 7/ Andrew 0.jhr der fied form of shaft arrangement.

UNITED STATES FA iFICE ANDREVJ O. SHRADER, OF ST. LOUIS, llIISSOUR-l.

DIFFERENTIAL LOCKING GEARING.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed January 29, 1913. Serial No. 744,871.

To all 107mm it may concern Be it .known that I, ANDREW O. Susanna, acitizen of the United States, residing at the city of St. Louis, Stateof Missouri, have invented a certain new and useful Improve- Figure 1 isa View in which the parts are in such position that both the parts arelocked. in driving relation to the motive power. Fig. 2 is a sectionalView on line 5 5 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a detail view of one of thetransmission gears. Fig. 4 is a detail view of one-of the sliding gears.Fig. 5 is a detail view of another of the sliding gears. Fig. 6' is anend elevation of another of the transmission gears. Fig. 6 -is asectional elevation of the same. Fig. 7 is a detail view of one of theclutclimembers. Fig. 7 is a sectional elevation of the same. ,Fig. 8 isa detail view of another of the clutch members. Fig. 8 is a sectionalelevation of the same. Fig. 9 isan end elevation of the. sliding gearhousing. Fig. 9 is a sectional elevation of the same. Fig. 10 is an endelevation of the sliding gear housing head. Fig. 10* is a sectionalelevationof the same. 'Fig. 11 is a detail View of a modi- Thisinvention relates to improvements in differentially locking gearing andis designed particularly for use inthe transmission of all of the powerto either driving wheel when. it is desired to turn short, or bothwheels may be differentially driven, or both wheels may be locked to themotive power. I

My invention is particularly applicable to transmission gearing forvehicles operating on Wet or slippery surfaces and will prevent skiddingof the vehicle. It is designed particularly for use in connection withtractors, traction eultivators, autom0-' biles, grading and ditchingmachines, traction englnes, and other power propelled vehicles.

In the drawin s 1 indicates a driviii member in the form of acylindrical shell or housing having a gear orsprocket Wheel 1 fixedthereon and which is-geared to the motive power in suitable manner notshown.

2 isone of the head" pieces'of the shellse.

Patented Aug. 19 14.

cured thereto in some suitable manner and.

having a hub portion 2 to whichis connected a toothed flange/2"constituting a. retaining member whichis fixed relative to the outsideshell or housing. '3 the-other head piece of the outside shell :and alsopro-.2,

vided with a hub portion and'having an inwardly extending flange. Thehub portions of these two head pieccs forni elongated bearings for theshafts or axles- '8 and 9 divided at the center of the-housing wherebyeither may be rotated indepeiulently of" the other; or, if' desired, asolid shaft 9(see Fig. 11) may extend entirely through the shell orhousing and have mountedthereon a sleeve 8. mounted on the end(righthand end) of shaft 9 or 9 and the other driving-wheel is mountedon the end .(lefthand end) of shaft 8 or of sleeve 8. r

One of the driving wheels 18."

indicates gears or pinionske'yedto the.

inner ends o'f the shafts 8 or 9, orwhere'a sleeve 8 is employed, one ofsaid pinions is keyed to the shaft 8, as shown in Fig. 11. These pinionsare provided with elongated hubportions constituting an elongatedhearing for the 'lockingkeysdfi by which'they are secured to theirrespective shafts or shaft and sleeve. ihe spacing collar- 7: is

preferably arranged between the pinions and, if desired, ball bearingsor anti-friction devices may be provided'betwe'en the-pinions, orbetween the pinions and spacing collar to reduce the friction of the endthrusts.

5 and 6 are sliding transmission pinions mounted in hearings in the headpieces of a transmission memberin the formgof" an internal shell orhousing, '13. having 'elon: gated grooves in its periphery which .00-operate with keys or ribs 15 extending from the inner face ofthe'outside shell or housing 1. Preferably the head 1 of'this interiorshell is made removable for obvious reasons, being secured in positionby suitable attaching means, not shown, while 'the oppo'-;

site head carrying the bearings forthe pin-.

ions 5 and 6 may be formed integral with the interior shell 13.

two pieces (see Fig. 7) suitablyboltedto- I '10 is a shifting collarpreferably made in gether when in position and. cooperating.

with an annula'r flange 14* on theinterI -or shell head 14. Thisshifting collar is connected by suitable rods 11,. to' the iexteriorly'arranged shifting collar 12, the latter. .being ilesigned to cooperatewith a forked or furcated end of a shifting lever, notshown.

This shifting lever may cooperate with a notched segment and be lockedin one of four different Cpositions for purposes hereinafter describe aIn Figs. 4 and 5, I have shown diagrammatlcally the "first, second,third and fourth positions of the shifting pinions 5 and 6 ascontrolledby the shifting lever connected to the shifting collar 12 andthrough rods 11 to the interior shell. Remembering that power tremeleft, and thatithe righthand portion 'applied to the outside casing willdrive the inside casing or shell and that the pinions 5 and 6 are gearedor locked together at'the point marked '5" and .6 (Figs. 4; and 5), saidsliding pinions 5 and 6 being arranged. in.

couples or pairs, four of'su'ch couples or pairsbein shown, or any othernumber of such coup es or pairs could be employed, I

will nowdescribe the operation of my improved gearing having referencepart cularly to the first position of the parts shown VVhen the partsare in the first position shown in Figs. t and 5, it will be noted thatthe shifting or sliding pinions are at theexof the pinion 6, which Iwill designate as 6, is located practically in transverse-alineinentwith the spacing collar 7; the next adjacent portion of the pinion 6,inarked 6 is in mesh with one of the pinions 4 and, for con-- 'venienceof designation, as this pinion is spaces- 5" and 6 willbe locked to theout-- keyed to the shaft 8 (or sleeve 8). Ishall designate this pinionas l8;' the next spaces 6 and 6 on the sliding pinion 6 have the teethremoved, while the last space or portion 6 being the left hand portionof the pinion, is provided with teeth. The companion sliding'pihiono Ihave divided into spaces or sections marked respectively '5 (opposite 6)which is blan 5 (opposite.

6") toothed; 5 (opposite toothed; 5 (opposite 6") blank; 5 (opposite 6blank. When the parts'are in the first position, the portion 6 and 5",always. in mesh, engage the pinion 4+8 and consequently. as the outsideshell is driven, it will carry with it inside shell in which pinions 5and 6 are mounted and theaxle 8 through the toothed side shell and inthis manner be positively driven by the motive power. In this positionof the parts, the axle 9 is free to revolve, or rather to remainstationary and isnot driven and hence, power being applied toonlyonedriving wheel, the vehicle may be steered, the .idle or stationarytraction wheel being the pivot about which the positively driventraction wheel moves.

By shifting the gears 5 and 6, through the 'instrumentalities abovementioned, to their second position, shown in Figs. 4. and 5, it

be noted that gear 5, through spaoexfi remains in inesli with the pinion4-8, while space 6 passes from engagement with the same pinion and space6 meshes with the when the parts are in thesecond position,

if the Wheels were lifted from the ground and the outside shell 1 heldstationary, the

rotation of shaft- 9, say in 'a clockwise direction, would, through themeshed pinions 65 rotate the shaft 8 in anti-clockwise direction andvice versa. However, when the traction wheels are on the ground andshafts 8 and 9 are equally loaded, rotation impart-v ed to the outsideshell or casing 1 will drive both shafts 8 and 9 in the same directionbecause. of the. engagement between the pinions 5 and 6 of each-pair.

As the gearing in question is designed particularly for use inconnection with the rear pair of traction wheels and as it is usual tohave steering apparatus for the front pair of wheels, if said frontwheels are not positively driven, then the steering of the front wheels,as in taking curves, will cause the rear positively driven wheels totravel at different rates of speed: in other words, the traction wheels,say on shaft 8,

if traveling n the inner side ofthe-curve will-travel a less distancethan the wheel on shaft 9 movingv on the lar er are or outer circle.This difference in the movement of the two' wheels is compensated for bythe ability of said wheels to be relatively displaced circumferentiallywhile both of said wheels are being driven from the motivepower.

. When the parts are shifted to the third position it will be notedthat, the spaces 5" and 6 which is the meshing space between the twopinions 5 and 6, are both in mesh with the pinion 4+9 and pinion 4-8 isout of mesh witha toothed portion of either pinion 5 or 6. Consequentlythe shaft 8 is free, that is, is not driven, while he shaft'9 is lockedto the outside shell or casing l and is positively driven. In thisposition of the "parts, the traction'wheel on the outer end of shaft 8maybe used as a pivot around which the positively driven traction wheelon the outer end of shaft 9 ma be used for steering purposes. v

The fourth position of the parts is that in which bothaxles 8 and. 9 arepositively locked to the outside shell or housing 1. In thispo'sition ofthe: parts, it will .be noted that the space 6 is inmesh with thetoothed flange 29",of the outside shell head 2, and

isof

therefore pinion 6 is positively anddirect y dr ven from the outsideshell. The spaces 5 and 6 are in mesh with each other and con.-

.sequently neither pinion 5 nor 6 can move in dependently of the other.The space 5 is in mesh with the pinion 4-4) and the space 6 is in meshwith the pinion 4e-8.

Briefly recapitulating the four different positions, it will be seenthat the sliding pinions 5 and 6. in certain positions act as inertmasses of metal serving solely as'j-l'ooking blocks having noindependent rotary movement, but remaining stationary with:- espect tothe driving shell or casing 1 and the part or parts which are positivelydriven thereby; and that in other positions, these sliding pinions havea rot ry movement relative to the parts whic drive. in the first posit'.the left 7, andshaft 8 or the sleeve vely locked and positively driven,

1 whil haft 9 remains unlocked; in the sition, neither shaft 8 nor 9 isposit-ivel'y 'locked, but each may be d i diflerentia'lly from theoutside driving shell;

in the third position, the right hand shaft 9 is positively locked tothe outside driving shell, while the left hand shaft is free or unlockedfrom said shaft; and in the fourth position, both shafts 8 and 9 arepositively locked to the driving shaft. I

The outside shell or housing 1 is designed to act as an oil container inwhich a suitable lubricant may be employed whereby the several pinionsand gears may run in oil.

I have not shown the packing glands or boxes which are usually employedaround shafts or axles and rods 11, as these are well known in the artand need not be illustrated in detail.

What I claim is:

1. In a gearing of the character described, the combination of drivenshafts carrying pinions, a housing inclosing said pinions and looselymounted on said shafts or axles, said housing beihg provided with gearteeth and constituting a driving element, a member arranged/to slidewithin said housing and to partalreof the rotary movement thereof,

' and pinions' mounted in said sliding element and in mesh with eachother, said pinions hav." their teeth removed at certain portions intheir len th and capable of echo erating with the axlepinions for thepurposes set forth. 7 i

2. In a gearing of the characterdescribed, the combination of drivenshafts, a power driven'housing provided with hearings in which saiddriven shafts are mounted and are free to turn, said power drivenhousing constituting an oil. containing receptacle, an element slidablewithin the power driven housing and partalnng oi the rotary move mentthereof, meshed pairs pinions carrled by said sliding element and havingtheir teeth cut away certain points in their driven pinions carriedthereby, a driving member, a ssion member driven by sziid-drixingmember, a pair of transmission pinions carried by said tans'missionmember and adapted to engage said driven pinicns-selectively andsimultaneously so as to transmit power to either or both of said drivenshafts, said transmission pinions having cohperation'with each otherwhereby ilill'orcntiul movement may be transmitted from said drivingmember to said driven shafts, I

4. A transmission gearing comprising the combination. oi driven shafts,a driving member, a. pair oftrausmission pinions movable by said drivingmember, driven pinions carried said. driven shafts, and means forshifting said transmission pinions-into engagement with said drivenpinions selectiv-ely and collectively whereby to transmit power to saiddriven shaftsselectively and. collectively, said. transmission pinionshaving cooperation with each other whereby dili'erential movement may betransmitted to said driven shafts simultaneously.

in a transmission gearing, the combination of driven shafts, a drivenpinion on each, a driving member, transmission pinions carried by saiddriving member and having mutual coiiperative engagement, saidtransmission pinions being mounted for shifting movement whereby both stransmission pinions. may beengag d with either one of said drivenpinions at thesame time to transmit powerto said driven pinion, andwhereby each of said transmission.

pinions may be placed in engagement with one each of said driven pinionsto transmit differential movement to said driven pinions, and wherebyone of said transmission pinions may be moved to position wherein it isheld against rotation While said transmission pinions are severally inengagement with the different driven pinions to transmit uniformmovement to both of said driven pinions. Y

6. In a transmission gearing, the combination of driven shafts, drivenpinions cotiperating therewith, a driving member, transmission pinionscooperating with said driv-- ing member and driven pinions, atransmissionmember carrying said transmission pinions and carried bysaid driving member, said transmission member being shiftablclongitudinally of said shafts whereby to alter the relation of saidtransmission pinions "ten pinions.

nsmission gearing, the combinaerati'n therewith. a drivin member. a

b I c, 1

transmission member carried thereby and shiftable' therein relative tosaid driven pinions, and transmission pinions carried by saidtransmission member and-adapted to engage said driven pinions.

8. In a transmission gearing,-the combination of driven shafts: drivenpin'ions cooperating therewith, a driving member having a retainingmember, transmission pinions.

carried by said driving member for driving said driven pinions andhaving mutual cooperative engagement, and means whereby one: of saidtransmission pinio-ns may be moved into engagement withsaid retainingmember to hold said transmission p-inionsagainst individual rotary"movement.

9. In a transmission gearing, the combination of driven'shafts, drivenpinions cooperating therewith, a driving member, mesh ing transmissionpinions carried by said driving member and adapted to, transmit movementto said driven .piiaions, and means whereby said transmisslon pinions.maybe shifted intovarious relationships withsa-id driven pinions.

10. In a transmission gearing, the combi nation ofdriven shafts, drivenpinions co- .perating therewith, a driving member in the -i'orm of aeasing, a plurality of transmission pinions carried by said drivingmember for transmitting motion to said in the. drivingmember, andmeansfor shiftin o: saidtransmission pinions relative to said drivenpinions'.

11. In a transmission. gearing, the combination of driven shafts, drivenpinions cooperating therewith, a driving member revolubiy' sugported onsaid shafts, transmission pinions for driving said driven pinionsCarried by said driving member and adapted to'rotate within the same,and means for shitting said transmission pinions relative to said drivenpinions.

Ian testimony whereof I hereunto afiix my signature in the presence oftwo witnesses, this 23d day of January, 1912.

W'itnesses 1*. R. CORNWALL, M. P. SMITH.

